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Cavetto Zone
A concave area of the face of a ceramic vessel between carinations. Typically below a rim or at the shoulder of a vessel.
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Cavetto Zone
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Phase Iii Data Recovery
An excavation of an historic or archaeological site listed or eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places prior to its demolition for new construction.
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Phase Iii Data Recovery
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Kill Site
Any archaeological site that was primarily used for killing and butchering animals. It is recognized by its distinctive location, tools assemblages, or animal bone evidence. These sites are also recognized through taphonomy.
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Kill Site
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Flake Knife
A cutting implement for making flakes
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Flake Knife
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Bit, Horse
A metal mouthpiece attached to a bridle, used to control a horse. The domesticated horse was probably first controlled with a simple halter. Bits, the mouthpiece of a horse's bridle, consisting of a bit-mouth and adjacent parts to which the reins are attached. Bits with cheek-pieces of antler did...
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Bit, Horse
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Unit Of Stratification
A term which can be applied to any layers, interfaces, or structures found in the recording of the stratification of an excavation.
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Unit Of Stratification
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Beringia
The part of the continental shelf that connects Northeast Asia with present-day Alaska. These were the polar continental shelves that escaped glaciation during the ice ages but which were exposed during periods of low sea level, which facilitated migration of people to North America from Asia, an...
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Beringia
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Melkarth
One of the gods of the Phoenicians, whose name means 'ruler of the city'. He was the chief deity of Tyre and two of its colonies, Carthage and Gadir (Cádiz, Spain). Greek historian Herodotus equated Melkarth's temple to Heracles, which was the scene of annual winter and spring festivals and is be...
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Melkarth
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Camelid
A member of the family that includes camels, llamas, and their relatives, all of which have feet with two toes and thick leathery soles
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Camelid
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Hammerhead Mortarium
A mortarium with a rim and flange that form a single unit, shaped like the head of a hammer, its centre meeting the body of the vessel at right angles.
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Hammerhead Mortarium
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Sinew Frayer
A tool similar in shape to a scraper but with serrated edges, which may have been the forerunner of the saw. Primitive tribes today use similar stones to stroke sinews into fibers for sewing.
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Sinew Frayer
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Uniform Distribution
A probability density function whereby all potential observations within a specified range have an equal probability of occurring.
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Uniform Distribution
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Zinjanthropus
Name originally given to a robust Australopithecus found in Bed I at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania by Louis Leakey, characterized by unusually massive jaws. Potassium-argon dating suggests that he lived about 1.75 million years ago. This fossil is now classified as Australopithecus boisei or Australo...
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Zinjanthropus
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Population Estimation
The determination by archaeologists of the suspected population of an ancient culture. Estimates of the number of inhabitants of a settlement can be attempted on the basis of the number of houses, number of burials, or population density - but these estimates involve many assumptions.
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Population Estimation
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Archaeological
Of, relating to, or concerning archaeology.
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Archaeological
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Yang Shao
The most important Neolithic culture of China, distributed along the middle course of the Yellow River in north-central China and dated to c 5000-2700 BC. Large open settlements of circular or rectangular houses slightly sunk into the ground cluster along the loess river terraces. It is distingui...
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Yang Shao
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Megaloceros
An extinct giant elk of the Pleistocene ('giant deer'), whose best-known species M. giganteus was abundant in Ireland, Europe, and western Asia. It had the largest antlers of any deer known - some 13 feet (4 m) across. Its remains are sometimes found in Palaeolithic assemblages and there are rare...
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Megaloceros
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Arroyo
A dry gully or steep-sided bed of a seasonal stream. The term is also used for a rivulet or stream.
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Arroyo
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Terra Amata
Lower Palaeolithic site in Nice, France, with occupation from the Mindel glaciation c 380,000 BP through 11 total levels. The levels are ascribed to the Acheulian, but few tools or handaxes have been recovered.
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Terra Amata
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Molluscan Analysis
The analysis of molluscan remains, of both marine and land species, as part of the examination of the environment of man. A mollusk/mollusc is any of a large phylum (Mollusca) of invertebrate animals (as snails, clams, or squids) with a soft unsegmented body usually enclosed in a calcareous shell...
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Molluscan Analysis
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Ancient Dna
Genetic material preserved in the archaeological remains of bones and plants that can be studied for past genetic relationships
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Ancient Dna
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Paleosol
A soil profile that is buried under subsequently deposited sediment.
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Paleosol
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Sign
Non-figurative representations found engraved or painted in Palaeolithic parietal art, including tectiforms (hut shapes) and claviforms (club shapes) which may be ethnic markers.
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Sign
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Aceramic
Without pottery or not using pottery. This term is applied to periods and societies in which pottery is not used, especially in contrast to other periods of ceramic use and with neighboring ceramic cultures. Aceramic societies may use bark, basketry, gourds, leather, etc. for containers.
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Aceramic
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Valencia
Ceramic complex of red-colored jars, one of the best known in Venezuela and found on a number of mound sites in north central part of country. The shapes of huge human figurines with flat, wide heads are very distinctive. Typically the pottery is coarse and sand- or mica-tempered. Decoration may ...
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Valencia
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