Gaudo

Coin Hoard

A group of coins deliberately deposited together.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Coin Hoard

Currency Bar

A strip of iron about 1 1/2 inches wide and 2-3 feet long and pinched up at one end, which served as a unit of currency in Britain during the late Iron Age, before the introduction of coins by the Belgae. The bars may have originated as sword blanks or roughouts. Their distribution was mainly in ...

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Currency Bar

Mummification

The technique of preserving a body whereby the viscera and brain are extracted from the dried body prior to embalming it in sodium carbonate and finally wrapping it in bandages and a canvas shroud. This treatment of a cadaver, the mummy, has the aim of preserving a lifelike appearance and was use...

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Mummification

Stereoscope

An optical instrument with two eyepieces for helping the observer to combine the images of two pictures differing slightly in point of view, thereby giving a 'solid' effect.

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Stereoscope

Primary Burial

The initial or direct inhumation of the fully articulated corpse.

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Primary Burial

Vice

An appliance for holding an object while work is done on it, usually has a pair of jaws.

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Vice

Andenne Ware

Terra-Cotta

Literally 'baked earth' or 'baked clay'; fired clay which is incompletely fired and still porous. It is used to make artifacts such as vessels, figurines, tablets, spindle whorls, loom weights, or net sinkers. It is a material from which much ancient pottery and other fired clay objects were made...

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Terra-Cotta

A Group

A term created by American archaeologist George Reisner to refer to a semi-nomadic Nubian Neolithic culture of the mid-fourth to early third millennium BC. The term has evolved into a horizon because there was also a C Group and the term was misleading that there were two separate ethnic groups r...

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A Group

Fumed

A term which has been somewhat misleadingly used to describe the dark surface of vessels, in particular black-burnished ware, which has been exposed to a reducing atmosphere during the later stages of manufacture.

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Fumed

Mural Tomb

Mounded tombs of East Asia which have painted frescoes on the walls of the interior stone chamber. These tombs are associated with Koguryo, but also occur in China and Japan. The murals are genre paintings, portraits, and directional deities of the Chinese tradition.

archaeologsEnglishTombs

Mural Tomb

Window Lead

Lead came subdividing the quarries of glass and holding them in place in a leaded light.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Window Lead

Columnata

A site in the Atlas Mountains of northern Algeria with several Mechtoid-type human burials dated to 8300-7300 BP.

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Columnata

Percussion Mark

Any distinctive, striated pit on the surface of an animal bone indicating the bone was broken by human hands using a hammerstone.

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Percussion Mark

Saex

In Old English, a single-edged knife or cleaver; examples are commonly found in Saxon and Anglo-Saxon graves. Continental versions have a curving back while English types (late 6th century AD and later) are straight-backed with an angle near the point.

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Saex

Loomweight

A perforated stone or ceramic block weighing around 1kg that was used for stretching the threads forming the warp or the weft on a loom. In many cases the loomweights and pin-beaters are all the physical evidence that remains for weaving at an excavated settlement.

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Loomweight

Hjortspring

A peat bog on the Danish island of Als where a votive deposit with a boat or war canoe was deposited in c 200 BC (pre-Roman Iron Age). With the boat were many shields, spears, and swords. The boat was plank-built, sewn together without the use of nails, with room for about 50 oarsmen. The bow and...

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Hjortspring

Medal

A piece of metal, usually in the form of a disc, struck or cast with an inscription or device to commemorate an event, or awarded as a mark of distinction.

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Medal

Paroong Cave

A limestone cave in the Mount Gambier district, South Australia with deeply incised or pounded motifs of Karake style, possibly from the Pleistocene.

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Paroong Cave

Utica

Traditionally the oldest Phoenician settlement on the coast of North Africa, located near the mouth of the Majardah (Medjerda) River in modern Tunisia. It was founded in the 8th or 7th century BC and grew rapidly, being second only to Carthage among Phoenician settlements in Africa. In the Third ...

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Utica

Sung Dynasty

Chinese dynasty (960-1279) that ruled the country (only in the south after 1127) during one of its most brilliant cultural epochs. The Sung dynasty was founded when Chao K'uang-yin, the military inspector general of the Chou dynasty, last of the Five Dynasties, gained control in a coup. China was...

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Sung Dynasty

Faras

A former capital of the Nubian kingdom of Nobatia, located on the border of modern Egypt and Sudan on the west bank of the Nile. It was first established as a small Egyptian fortress in the Middle Kingdom (2055-1650 BC) and continued in use in the 18th to 19th Dynasties (1550-1186 BC) with the co...

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Faras

Mochlos

An island on the northern coast of Crete that was once a peninsula where an Early Minoan cemetery of house tombs and a Middle-Late Minoan settlement have been found. Communal tombs at Mochlos had rectangular compartments or rooms and flat roofs, such as those in contemporary houses. Some of the f...

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Mochlos

Ain Mallaha

A large village of the early Natufian period near Lake Huleh in Upper Jordan. The three phases contain 50 large circular houses and open areas with storage pits. The well-built houses suggest a permanent occupation. The economy was probably based on the hunting and herding of gazelle and other la...

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Ain Mallaha

Interaction Sphere

Any regional or interregional exchange system, e.g. the Hopewell interaction sphere.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Interaction Sphere