Submycenaean

Submykenäer ist eine archäologische Kultur, die in der späten Bronzezeit in Griechenland und auf den Ägäischen Inseln vorhanden war. Es ist eine Unterabteilung der Mykenäischen Kultur, die im 16. Jahrhundert v. Chr. begann. Submykenäer ist am besten bekannt f&uu...

Submycenaean

Le Submycénien est une période de l'âge du Bronze qui s'étend de 1600 à 1100 av. J.-C. en Grèce. Cette période est caractérisée par des changements importants dans les styles architecturaux et les pratiques funéraires. Les ville...

Bubalus Period

The earliest phase of rock art in northern Africa, between 12,000 and 8000 bc , in which large-scale carvings of animals appeared. These early engravings - in southern Oran, Algeria, and Libya - reflect a hunting economy based on the now-extinct giant buffalo Homoioceras antiquus or Bubalus antiq...

Archaic

A term used to describe an early stage in the development of civilization. In New World chronology, it is the period just before the shift from hunting, gathering, and fishing to agricultural cultivation, pottery development, and village settlement. Initially, the term was used to designate a non...

Anathermal

A period of cool climate in the area of North America that occurred from about 7000 to 5000 bc This was Ernst Antev’s name for the first of the Neothermal periods and it is thought to have started off cool before becoming somewhat warmer.

Orientalizing

Essentially an art history term, used of various periods and cultures in antiquity, when a ‘western’ production shows evidence for influence from the Near, Middle or Far East. An example would be the borrowing by Greek Black-figure painters, notably Corinthian and Athenian, of numerous abstract, ...

Mesolithic

The Middle Stone Age, falling between the Palaeolithic and the Neolithic. The Mesolithic belongs to the early part of the Holocene geological period, after cl0,000 years ago (see Tables 4-6, pages 417-9), and is characterized by societies continuing to practise a hunting and gathering economy and...

Helladic

Term for the Bronze Age of mainland Greece, equivalent to Cycladic in the Aegean islands and Minoan in Crete. It is divided into Early, Middle and Late Helladic, the last representing the Mycenaean period.

Epi-Palaeolithic

This name is sometimes given to the cultures of the very end of the Palaeolithic, such as the Federmesser or Ahrensburg groups, or even to post-glacial cultures more usually described as Mesolithic. Because of this confusion and imprecision, the term is better avoided.

Epi-Palaeolithic

Classic Period

Conceived as the period of florescence of the great civilizations of Mesoamerica, initially defined by the earliest and most recent long count dates found on Maya stelae, ad 300-900. As more sites came to light, it became increasingly clear that many well-developed cultures did not fit comfortabl...

Classic Period

Archaic

In general usage, ‘archaic’ means primitive or antiquated, but in archaeology the term is used in a number of specific ways. In American archaeology, the term Archaic has two different usages: ( 1 ) A broad-based way of life with small bands exploiting their environment by means of hunting and ga...

Mesolithic

Paleolitik Dönem ile yerleşik düzen ve tarımsal üretim ekonomisinin gerçekleştiği Neolitik Dönem (Cilalı Taş Devri) arasındaki geçişi hazırlayan ara döneme, Mezolitik Dönem ya da Mezolitik Çağ denir.

Paleolithic

Paleolitik kavramı, 1865 yılında J. Lubbock tarafından Eski Taş Çağ’ını ifade etmek için ortaya atılmıştır. Paleolitik Çağ, insanlık tarihinin ilk basamağını oluşturmasının yanı sıra, bu tarihi sürecin %99’undan daha uzun bir bölümünü kapsamaktadır. Günümüzden yaklaşık 2.5 milyon yıl önce, insan...

Paleolithic

Paleolitik, 2.5 milyon yıl önce insanlar tarafından taş aletlerin ilk kullanımından M.Ö. 10.000-8500 kuzey buzuldaki buzul buzunun geri çekilmesine kadar geçen süreyi kapsayan bir tarih öncesi bölümü olan Eski Taş Devri.

Mesolithic

A time period in human history beginning with the retreat of glacial ice c 8500 BC and the changing climatic conditions following it; a development in northwestern Europe that lasted until about 2700 BC. This Middle Stone Age followed the Upper Paleolithic and preceded the Neolithic. It was a per...

Mesolithic

Paleolithic

The more technical name for the Old Stone Age, a division of prehistory covering the time from the first use of stone tools by humans, c 2.5 million years ago, to the retreat of the glacial ice in the northern hemisphere c 10,000-8500 BC. It began in the Pliocene epoch and was followed by the Mes...

Paleolithic

Roman Period

The period of Roman political and military control, generally between 200 BC and 400 AD, but varying for different regions, depending on the date of conquest.

Roman Period

Nara Period

A period in Japanese history, 710-794 AD, named after the new capital of Nara (or Heijo as it was then known), to which the court moved from Fujiwara. The capital was established there to secure greater centralized power. The palace buildings - the dairi (the Imperial living quarters), buildings ...

Nara Period

Pre-Classic Period

A period in Mesoamerican archaeology during which agriculture formed the basis of settled village life, c 2000 BC-250 AD. The earliest writing - glyphs - in Mesoamerica began in this period. The Olmec was the first culture to appear in the Preclassic. A similar level was attained in Peru at about...

Pre-Classic Period

Middle Assyrian

A period in the history of the Assyrian empire extending from the 14th-12th centuries BC. In the Late Bronze Age, Assyria was dominated by the Mitanni state, but in the 14th century BC, Assyria became dominant. Ashur-uballit I created the first Assyrian empire and initiated the Middle Assyrian pe...

Middle Assyrian

Old Kingdom

A period in Egyptian history including the 3rd through 8th Dynasties, c 2575-2130 BC. It preceded the Middle Kingdom and is marked by the building of colossal stone pyramids. Most of the royal pyramid complexes and private mastaba tombs of the Memphite necropolis were built during this time. The ...

Old Kingdom

Anathermal

Great Tombs Period

A period in Japanese history, 4th-7th century AD, known for round tombs covered by a mound with a square platform off to the side, making a keyhole shape. Towards end of period, tombs were very large and surrounded by a moat, and earthenware figures and models (Haniwa) were placed in a series of ...

Great Tombs Period

Bubalus Period

Woodland Period

Stage in eastern North America c 1000 BC-800 AD that is a period in Native American history and culture. It is characterized by hunter-gatherers, elaborate burial mounds, beginning of substantial agriculture (corn, beans, squash), and pottery decorated with cord or fabric impressions. It is a ter...

Woodland Period

Middle Kingdom

A period in Egyptian history including the 11th through 13th Dynasties, c 2008-1630 BC. This phase began with the reunification of Upper and Lower Egypt by the 11th Dynasty king Mentuhotep II (Nebhapetre) ushering in years of stability and prosperity. It is usually divided into two phases, the ea...

Middle Kingdom

Sue Ware

Bluish-gray high-fired pottery of the Kofun, Nara, and Heian periods in Japan (5th-14th centuries AD), derived from Kaya pottery of the Old Silla period in Korea. A large number of vessels were made on a mechanical wheel, and fired in a kiln at about 1100 degrees C; the blue-gray color resulting ...

Sue Ware

Early Bronze Age

A period in the Levant dating to c 3200-1950 BC, just before Egypt's Archaic Period. Increasing urbanization was shown by the building of walled towns.

Early Bronze Age

Neo-Assyrian

A political period of the Assyrian empire in the Iron Age, an extension of the Middle Assyrian. It lasted from Assurnasirpal II (883-859 BC) till Sargon, Sennacherib, Esarhaddon, and finally, Assurbanipal (668-627 BC). The Assyrian empire was destroyed by the Babylonians and Medes in 612 BC. The ...

Neo-Assyrian

Eneolithic

A period in the Near East and southeastern Europe when copper metallurgy was being adopted by Neolithic cultures, in the 4th and 3rd millennia BC. The period is called the Chalcolithic in the Near East and the Copper Age in other areas.

Eneolithic

Submycenaean

Submiken dönem, Yunanistan'ın anakarasındaki Geç Helladik ve Protogeometrik dönemler arasında, Attika'daki mezarlıklarda bulunan seramikten ve orta Yunanistan ve Mora Yarımadası'ndaki yerlerden bilinen bir dönemdir. M.Ö. 1050-1020 tarhileri arasına tarihlendirilir.

Submycenaean

A phase between the Late Helladic and the Protogeometric periods on mainland Greece, known from its pottery found in cemeteries in Attica and from sites in central Greece and the Peloponnese. It is dated c 1050-1020 BC. Pottery was the first art to recover its standards after the Dorian invasion ...

Submycenaean

Helladic

Helladik dönem, Yunanistan'ın orta ve güneyindeki Bronz Çağı'nı tanımlamak için kullanılan terimdir. Tıpkı Kiklad ve Minoan'ın sırasıyla Ege adaları ve Girit'teki Bronz Çağı kültürel dizilerini tanımladığı gibi. Erken Helladik İ.Ö. 3000–2000, Orta İ.Ö. 2000–1550BC ve Geç İ.Ö. 1550–1050 olarak tah...