Chihua

Gallo-Belgic Ware

Vessels imported from Gaul in the late 1st century BC and early 1st century AD, usually in black or silver-grey fabrics (terra nigra), or white fabric coated with red slip (terra rubra), or a dense white or cream fabric like pipeclay. Close British imitations of these fabrics and forms are known,...

archaeologsEnglishAncient Pottery

Gallo-Belgic Ware

Woodland Pottery

A general term for cultural groups living in the wooded eastern parts of North America during the Formative. Woodland subsumes many local adaptations, but in general these were hunter-gatherer communities whose subsistence base was augmented with some cultivation. Woodland communities used potter...

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Woodland Pottery

Houhanshu

A history of the Later Han Dynasty and peoples of peripheral regions of East Asia, the "Chronicles of the Later Han" compiled in 398-445 AD from the Weizhi.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Houhanshu

Cheng-Chou

The site of the Shang dynasty capital from 1500-1200 BC, in Honan province, China on the Yellow River. Following villages of the Yang Shao and Lung Shan cultures, four phases of Shang occupation have been traced. Cemeteries of pit graves have been found and a rectangular wall enclosed an area div...

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Cheng-Chou

Faunal Dating

A method of relative dating based on observing the evolutionary changes in particular species of mammals, so as to form a rough chronological sequence.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Faunal Dating

Foliated Point

Elliptical shaped points, thin in section and pointed at both ends. Reminiscent of Solutrean ?laurel leaves' but form part of the Mousterian assemblages of central Europe

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Foliated Point

Tankard

A single-handled drinking vessel with vertical or only slightly angled side walls.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Tankard

Wetland

Low-lying land saturated with moisture, such as a marsh or swamp.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Wetland

Dryas

A series of cold climatic phases in northwestern Europe, during a time when the North Atlantic was in almost full glacial condition. Dryas I was c 16,000/14,000 BP, Dryas II (Older Dryas) was c 12,300-11,800 bp, and Dryas III (Younger Dryas) was c 11,000-10,000 bp. It is named after a tundra plan...

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Dryas

Cavetto

A hollow concave molding projecting from the tops of Egyptian cornices, pylons, altars, walls, doorways, flat-topped stelae, and false doors and whose profile is the quadrant of a circle. It was probably derived from the appearance of the tops of fronds of vegetation.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Cavetto

Dnieper-Donets

A 3rd- and 2nd-millennium BC Late Neolithic culture of the Ukraine. Large numbers of small settlements are known with hunter-gatherer subsistence known. Large quantities of comb-pricked pots found but grave goods were rare except for copper rings and tooth necklaces. Extended inhumation was the n...

archaeologsEnglishCultures

Dnieper-Donets

Basal Notch

A flaking technique applied to accommodate hafting which involved the flaking of notches into the basal edge of a preform.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Basal Notch

Open Vessel

A vessel with an orifice that is large relative to the vessel's height, as is a bowl.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Open Vessel

Viking

The inhabitants of Scandinavia from about 700-1100 AD, great boat builders and navigators who settled all over Europe and the Mediterranean. Term embraces the Norse, who raided and settled northern Britain, Iceland, Greenland, and North America; the Swedes, who established a trade route from Balt...

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Viking

Mean

In mathematics, a quantity that has a value intermediate between those of the extreme members of some set. In archaeological technique, it is a measure of central tendency in a distribution. The arithmetic mean is the sum of all values, divided by the number of cases. Other measures of central te...

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Mean

Kurtén, Björn

Finnish palaeontologist who studied Pleistocene mammals of the Holarctic, contributing to our knowledge of their environments and of human palaeoecology.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Kurtén, Björn

Monetized Economy

Any prehistoric economy based on money; the use of money to purchase goods and services.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Monetized Economy

Putun

A Chontal-speaking group of the delta regions of Campeche and Tabasco on the Gulf of Mexico. Expert seamen and skilled merchants, the material culture shows some connection with Central Mexico. Their influence spread throughout the Yucatan Peninsula in the Late Classic Period. It seems likely tha...

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Putun

Davis, Edwin Hamilton

An American antiquary who studied the Ohio mounds and earthen enclosures with E.G. Squier.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Davis, Edwin Hamilton

Maghzalia, Tell

Aceramic Neolithic site in northern Iraq's Sinjar region. It provides evidence of the introduction of sedentary communities and farming in northern Mesopotamia. There were rectilinear structures with stone foundations and a lithic industry similar to other sites in the Zagros and Syro-Palestine.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Maghzalia, Tell

Arrowhead

A small object of bone, metal, or stone that has been formed as the pointed end of an arrow for penetration and is often found at sites of prehistoric peoples. The earliest known are Solutrean points of the Upper Palaeolithic. Arrowheads are often the only evidence of archery since the arrow shaf...

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Arrowhead

Stratification

An arrangement or deposition of sediment or sedimentary rocks in a sequence of layers (strata); the accumulated sequence of strata on an archaeological site. A succession of layers should provide a relative chronological sequence, with the earliest at the bottom and the latest at the top. Stratif...

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Stratification

Kendi

A spouted water container made in Southeast Asia during the late 1st and early 2nd millennia AD.

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Kendi

Kamennaya Mogila

A Mesolithic or Aceramic Neolithic site in the southern Ukraine, similar to that of the Bug-Dniester culture at Soroki.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Kamennaya Mogila

Oakhurst

Cave in the southern Cape Province of South Africa with Later Stone Age material, including a microlithic industry of Wilton type overlying material without backed microliths and where utilized large quadrilateral flakes and informal scrapers were used exclusively (c 12th-9th millennia BC). This ...

archaeologsEnglishOthers