Sopron

Early Iron Age cemetery of the Hallstatt C period in western Hungary. Cremation burials under barrows were in urns with incised and unusual human figures. Artifacts from the area indicate Neolithic, Bronze Age, Illyrian, and Celtic settlements prior to the town's becoming the Roman municipium of ...

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Sopron

Pantelleria

Small island in the central Mediterranean between Sicily and Tunisia. A fortified Neolithic village c 3000 BC has been excavated, with remains of huts, pottery, and obsidian tools. Of volcanic origin, it has a source of obsidian which was exploited in prehistory. There are tombs, known as sesi, s...

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Pantelleria

Novgorod

Early city in northwest Russia, about 160 km south of St Petersburg and founded in the 9th century AD. Waterlogged conditions have preserved intact a complete sequence of medieval wooden buildings and streets dating from the foundation of the city up to the 18th century. Dendrochronology has made...

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Novgorod

Silty Loam

A mixture of at least 50% silt and sand and 12-25% clay that feels somewhat silky and forms clods when dried out (clods break into soft, flourlike powder).

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Silty Loam

Secondary Neolithic

A term used to describe a number of Neolithic communities composed entirely of Mesolithic peoples who adopted Neolithic equipment. For example, in Britain this was a group characterized by the use of Peterborough Ware or Grooved Ware (Rinyo-Clacton Ware). Such groups of Mesolithic ancestry had ac...

archaeologsEnglishPeriods

Secondary Neolithic

Ming Dynasty

Major late Dynasty of China (1368-1644 AD), succeeding Mongol Yüan Dynasty (1280-1368). The period is known for painting and decorative arts, porcelain, lacquer, cloisonné, and textiles. The burial sites of the Ming emperors are near modern Beijing. The Ming extended the Chinese empire into Korea...

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Ming Dynasty

Plate

A shallow vessel whose height is not greater than one-seventh of its diameter.

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Plate

Chronometric Date

A date indicating that a measured value of time (years, centuries) has elapsed since a past event occurred.

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Chronometric Date

Baturong Caves

Rock shelter sites in north Borneo dating to c 17,000-12,000 BP with a stone industry characterized by long knives. It succeeded the Tinkayu industry and preceded the Madai Caves.

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Baturong Caves

Mildenhall Ware

A style of middle Neolithic pottery found over much of central eastern England and East Anglia during the 4th millennium BC. Characterized by round-bottomed bowls with fairly elaborate decoration. Deep S-profiled forms with rolled or thickened rims predominate.

archaeologsEnglishAncient Pottery

Mildenhall Ware

Kirillovskaya

Upper Palaeolithic site in Kiev, Ukraine with a radiocarbon date of 19,200 bp and many woolly mammoth remains.

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Kirillovskaya

Fragment

Broken part of an artifact.

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Fragment

Intrusive

Not indigenous to the deposit in which found, including infiltrated remains created after the deposit.

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Intrusive

Unstan Ware

Style of Neolithic pottery found in the northern part of the British Isles, especially the Hebrides, Western Isles, and Orkney, defined by Stuart Piggott in 1954 on the basis of an assemblage from the chambered tomb of Unstan on Orkney. Including both decorated and undecorated vessels, Unstan war...

archaeologsEnglishAncient Pottery

Unstan Ware

Site Hierarchy

The site size and functional differences within a group of roughly contemporary sites - possibly indicating different economic arrangements, political hierarchy, etc.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Site Hierarchy

Ténéré Neolithic

Variant of the so-called Saharan Neolithic complex in the Ténéré Dessert and extends from northeastern Niger into western Chad, Africa, dating from 6500-4500 BP. Chipped stone implements include backed microliths, bifacial projectile points, and discoid knives and the pottery may have connections...

archaeologsEnglishPeriods

Ténéré Neolithic

Dressed Edge

Trimmed and smoothed edge

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Dressed Edge

Khepri

The ancient sun god, conceived as a great scarab beetle rolling the sun across the heavens, whose cult was centered at Heliopolis. This deity is sometimes depicted in tomb painting and funerary papyri as a man with a scarab as a head or as a scarab in a boat held aloft by Nun. This was just one o...

archaeologsEnglishGod Names, Mythology

Khepri

Biga

In Roman antiquity, a chariot drawn by two horses.

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Biga

Skewer Pin

Long thin bone pins, sometimes with elaborated heads, typical of the later Neolithic in the British Isles.

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Skewer Pin

Carving

A finishing or decorative technique that involves selective removal of material with a sharp tool in a pattern.

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Carving

Nahal Oren

Cave and open terrace site on the western slope of Mount Carmel, Israel, occupied from the early Upper Palaeolithic (Kebaran, c 16,300-13,850 BC) to the early Aceramic Neolithic (PPNA) and PPNB (Pre-Pottery Neolithic B). Natufian levels show a strong bias towards the selective hunting, or possibl...

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Nahal Oren

Shaman

A medicine man in societies, often believed to have supernatural powers, who is capable of healing - or harming. A shaman receives an "inner call" to this vocation or receives the office through heredity. The shaman is called upon to mediate with the spirit world on the community's behalf in time...

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Shaman

Smolensk

A site in western Russia first mentioned in 863, when it was already a key stronghold controlling the portages between the Dnieper and the Western Dvina rivers and the route between the Moscow region and western Europe. The town also lay on the trade route between the Baltic Sea to the north and ...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Smolensk

Annular

Ring-shaped

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Annular