An important Iron Age settlement site in Puy-de-Dome, France, dating to the 3rd century BC, with evidence of gold, silver, bronze, coral, glass, bone, and textiles. It was abandoned soon after the Roman conquest.
African trading empire ruled by the Sef (Sayf) dynasty that controlled the area around Lake Chad from the 9th to the 19th century. Its territory at various times included what is now southern Chad, northern Cameroon, northeastern Nigeria, eastern Niger, and southern Libya. Kanem-Bornu was probabl...
C 1720-1775, North Wales, The body of this earthenware is quite coarse because of the combination of two different types of clay in the process. The ware is made of layers of pink-firing and yellow clays. The combination of the two clays served to make the poor clays more workable. The ware is de...
An Iron Age culture of the mid-1st millennium BC in the Volga basin of Russia that had strong connections with the Scythians to the south.
A conventional design in pottery featuring a Chinese scene depicted in blue on white, typically including figures on a bridge, a willow tree, and birds
Iron Age cemetery near Berne, Switzerland, with more than 200 graves of the early and middle La Tène periods (to c 200 BC). The graves are scattered along a ridge, and the cemetery has a horizontal stratigraphy with the oldest tombs at the north and the more recent ones at the southern end. Grave...
Palaeolithic site in Oita Prefecture, Japan, where a date of 4000,000 bp was claimed based on geology and tool comparisons with Zhoukoudian. A few hundred tools, mostly of quartzite, were recovered from a secondary deposit on a marine terrace, including hand axes, scrapers, and flakes. A date of ...
Small clay, bone, or metal cap, usually with a closed end, that is worn over the tip of a finger to protect it and to push a needle when sewing.
A small javelin or harpoon, consisting of a thick short pole set with spikes. This massive weapon resembles a trident or angon.
Pre-Classic village site right just outside present-day Mexico City, dated to c1500-1000 BC, with a cemetery of more than 500 graves. The graves had local artifacts and some of the Olmec style, including figurines showing clothing types, hairstyles, skin decoration, and various occupations. Altho...
Type of medieval pottery produced in Surrey from about 1300 AD onwards. Distinctive in having an off-white or buff-colored fabric, often with a patchy green glaze. From the 15th century, however, thick green and yellow glazes were used. The term TUDOR GREEN ware is usually used to describe the pr...
An Iron Age culture of cemeteries and settlement sites over much of Romania with its type site on the Danube. It is a local version of the Hallstatt culture, dating to 975-850 BC.
A Persian demigod who achieved independence and importance during the Roman empire, and best known as the savior deity of the Roman mystery cult of Mithraism. Especially in military circles, his worship challenged early Christianity. He is portrayed as a young man in a Phrygian cap, usually in th...
Any of five species of large hoofed mammals found in eastern and southern Africa and in tropical Asia. The term rhinoceros is sometimes also applied to other, extinct members of the family Rhinocerotidae. Five species of rhinoceros have survived until recently: the Great Indian rhino (Rhinoceros ...
One of the two main versions of the Scandinavian runic alphabet (the other, long-branch) in use during the Viking Age, mainly before 800 AD.
An arrowhead with a rounded tip rather than a point, named for speculation that it was shot with a bow and arrow to merely stun or daze an animal rather than to penetrate or kill
The social rights and duties attributed to an individual at birth, regardless of ability or achievement. An individual would be born into a particular class or family to have ascribed status.
A culture and period in Japanese history during which the development of art, the introduction of Buddhism from Korea, and the adoption of a Chinese pattern of government were important. Located in the southwestern part of the Nara Basin (Yamato Plain), the culture flourished from 552-645 AD. In ...
A written account of what has been published on a topic by accredited scholars and researchers.
The vertical margin of an archaeological excavation; the vertical side of an excavation pit. It is an important record of site stratigraphy and often provides the axis for measuring artifact provenience.
Area of Attica, Greece, that is a rich source of metallic ores exploited as early as the 3rd millennium BC to get copper, lead, and silver. It prospered in the Mycenaean period, which includes two tholos tombs on the acropolis. There is also an elliptical theater from Classical times.
An event dated by a chronological method.
The dressed skin of an animal (especially a large animal)
Three different sites: a town on the coast of Cyrenaica, Libya which was the site of Euhesperides; a port on the Egyptian coast of the Red Sea founded by Ptolemy II, especially important in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD; and Pella, Jordan, which was once known as Berenice.
The site of the Roman headquarters of the 20th Legion. It was an important Roman town but was deserted by the early 5th century. There are a number of Roman remains, including the foundations of the north and east walls. Modern Chester overlies the massive Roman camp (castra) of some 24 hectares,...
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