Armor

Protective clothing with the ability to deflect or absorb arrows, bullets, lances, swords, or other weapons during combat. There are three main types: 1) armor made of leather, fabric, or mixed materials reinforced by quilting or felt, 2) mail, of interwoven rings or iron or steel, and 3) rigid a...

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Armor

Brørup Interstadial.

An interstadial of the Weichselian cold period, radiocarbon dated to between 63,000 and 61,000 bp, but it may be earlier.

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Brørup Interstadial.

Geomorphic

Having the form or attributes of surface features of the earth or other celestial bodies.

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Geomorphic

Kouroukorokale

Rock shelter near Bamako in Mali, West Africa, containing a microlithic and harpoon industry. The crude stone industry was accompanied in the second phase by barbed bone harpoon heads. The site may indicate a westerly representative of the heterogeneous complex of harpoon-fishing adaptations whic...

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Kouroukorokale

Polesini

Upper Palaeolithic site near Rome with thousands of stone tools and faunal remains, but best known for engraved mobiliary art dated to the 11th millennium bp.

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Polesini

Akhenaten

The heretic pharaoh of Egypt's 18th Dynasty, who reigned with his queen Nefertiti towards the end of the New Kingdom. He was the son of Amenhotep III and Queen Tiy. During his reign, he attempted to replace Egypt's religions with worship of Amen-Ra, the sun disk, represented by the god Aten (or A...

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Akhenaten

Hasta

A spear or shaft used for thrusting, or as a missile for hurling from the hand, or as a bolt from an engine. Hastile is the shaft of the spear.

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Hasta

Ferrières

A Late Neolithic dolmen (passage grave) in Hérault, southern France, and the type site of the culture which existed c 3200-2800 BC. Its pottery is characterized by incised-line and geometric motif decoration. The earlier variety belongs to the Neolithic period and the later style is contemporary ...

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Ferrières

Ear Spool

An ornament worn in the ear lobe, sometimes of such weight that the ear might be stretched to shoulder-length.

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Ear Spool

Sialk, Tepe

Important tell site near Kashan on the plateau of Iran with a six major phases from the Neolithic to the Iron Age. They are: I, dating to the 6th-5th millennia BC, a simple village of recently settled farmers who used pottery painted with basketry designs and copper only in the form of hammered o...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Sialk, Tepe

Dew Pond

Hollowed out areas in hilltop camps, usually covered with hay and clay as an insulator. Condensation of the moisture in the air resulted and collected as a pond.

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Dew Pond

Judea

A Roman province in Palestine annexed by Pompey in 64 BC. It was first ruled by Herod the Great, but later by Roman procurators, of whom Pontius Pilate is best known. Its chief city was Jerusalem.

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Judea

Triangular Loomweight

Block of baked clay weighing around 1kg with a triangular outline and parallel sides cross-section with perforations through the corners for attachment to the warp threads on an upright loom during textile production. Generally later Bronze Age and Iron Age in date in the British Isles, these obj...

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Triangular Loomweight

Footring

A low pedestal-like ring formed on the base of a vessel to enable it to stand more securely.

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Footring

Superposition

The principle that artifacts found at a lower level of a site predate those at a higher level. The order in which sedimentary layers are deposited, the highest being the youngest.

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Superposition

Permafrost

Permanently frozen subsoil with a temperature below 0 C (32 F) continuously for two or more years. The permafrost line is a line demarcating regions where the subsoil is permanently frozen. Permafrost is overlain by a surface layer that is subject to thawing during the warmer seasons of the year....

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Permafrost

Gezer

An important Biblical tell site of Palestine near Jerusalem, occupied from the Chalcolithic (5th millennium BC) to the Byzantine period. The first fortified town belonged to the Middle Bronze Age (early 2nd millennium BC); an important discovery of this phase was a 'High Place' (ceremonial meetin...

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Gezer

Armorico-British Dagger

Type of bronze dagger found in the ESSEX I Phase of the early Bronze Age (c.1700-1500 BC) in southern Britain which has similarities with examples from Brittany. It has a flat triangular blade, lateral grooves, and six rivets for attaching the blade to the hilt. Sometimes a small tang or languett...

archaeologsEnglishWeapons, Tools

Armorico-British Dagger

Dynasty

Any line of rulers whose right to power is inherited; usually a line of kings, related by blood, who succeed each other on a throne. Egyptian history was divided into 31 dynasties by Manetho in the 3rd century BC when he wrote a history of Egypt. The dynasties of Mesopotamia were distinguished by...

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Dynasty

Bader, Otto Nikolaevich

A Russian archaeologist who worked on sites from the Palaeolithic to the Iron Age, including Kapovaya Cave and Sungir.

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Bader, Otto Nikolaevich

Matera Ware

A Middle Neolithic ware from many sites Matera of southern Italy and its neighborhood, notably the ditched villages of Murgecchia and Murgia Timone and a cave site, the Grotta dei Pipistrelli. A dark burnished ware with curved bowls and straight-necked jars, it is characterized by rectilinear geo...

archaeologsEnglishAncient Pottery

Matera Ware

Poison Point

An arrowhead used not only to pierce the hide of an animal, but also to poison it; most were notchless and triangular so that the shaft of the arrow could detach easily and remain in the wound after being soaked in snake venom or decayed meat, etc.

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Poison Point

Cumulative Section

A record of a stratigraphic sequence in which each layer is drawn and then removed, rather than left standing as a reference and drawn in its entirety at the end of the excavation.

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Cumulative Section

Genome

The collection of genes in the nucleic-acid core of a virus or the complete set of genetic material - the chromosomes and the genes they contain - that makes up any organism and determines hereditary features.

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Genome

Local Sequence

A chronological series of components or phases within the geographical limits of a locality.

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Local Sequence