Moraine

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Generally, a bank or layer of mud, gravel, and stones deposited by an advancing or retreating glacier. The term described a family of depositional landforms created by glacier ice. There are five common types: end or terminal moraine, recessional moraine, ground moraine, hummocky/ablation/medial moraine, and lateral moraine. The material, which ranges in size from blocks or boulders (usually faceted or striated) to sand and clay, is unstratified when dropped by the glacier and shows no sorting or bedding.

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A land form, built up directly by the depositional action of ice. There are many forms of moraine. Flat areas of ‘ground moraine’ are deposited underneath the interior of a moving ice-sheet. ‘Hummocky moraine’ results from the down-melting of stagnant ice. ‘End moraines’ accumulate where the ice margin has remained stationary for a period of time. The sediments involved in morainic land-forms vary from till to icecontact stratified drift, depending on the mode of deposition.

The Macmillan dictionary of archaeology, Ruth D. Whitehouse, 1983Copied

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