A culture sited in Independence Fjord in northeast Greenland with two Paleo-Eskimo formations, Independencian I and Independencian II. The first may be the earliest manifestation of Arctic microlithic tradition in eastern Arctic. There were fairly standardized and precisely shaped tools, a fine saw edge on bifacial artifacts, and the absence of polished stone and adze blades. Some of the dwellings are arranged axially with slabs of stone placed vertically around a central hearth and spaces on each side where food could be stored.