Glanum

A settlement site in southern Gaul (France), originally founded by the Greek colonists of Marseilles, with three phases of occupation - native Ligurian, Hellenistic, and Roman. With Romanization from the 1st century BC, Glanum became a prosperous provincial town with baths, forum, temples, shrines, a triumphal arch, and the so-called Mausoleum of the Julii. German attack in 270 AD brought an end to the occupation of the site.

A settlement in southern France, some 24 km northeast of Arles, with three phases of occupation — native Ligurian, Hellenistic and Roman. It is likely that the dominant early association is that of religious shrine, dedicated perhaps to a healing deity. The Hellenistic phase still shows religious connections, with some evidence for cult structures and the practice of a severed head cult. With Romanization from the 1st century bc pnwards, Glanum became a prosperous provincial town, and the religious associations may have weakened. The Roman town shows Republican-period baths, imperial forum, temples and shrines; at the entrance to the town, a splendid triumphal arch with decorative panels involving groups of Gallic prisoners; and the so-called Mausoleum of the Julii. German attack in 270 ad brought an end to the occupation of the site, which was subsequently hidden by a slide of alluvium from the nearby hills. The triumphal arch and the mausoleum stood clear of this fate, and came to be known as Les Antiques.