Archaeologs - Archaeologs

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Nubian C Group

The conventional designation of the indigenous population of Nubia in the late 3rd millennium bc. There is disagreement as to the exent to which these people were the direct descendants of the preceding Nubian A Group population, there being apparent connections also between the C Group and conte...

Nubian A Group

The name conventionally given to the earliest fully food-producing society known in the archaeological record of Nubia, late in the 4th millennium be. The ‘A Group’ people probably had an indigenous Nubian ancestry, but were much influenced from later Pre-Dynastic Egypt, with which they were evid...

Ntereso

The site of a fishing settlement related to the Kintampo industry, located to the east of that industry’s main area of distribution, in the valley of the White Volta, Ghana. In addition to artefacts characteristic of Kintampo were others, notably bifacially flaked arrow-heads, bone harpoon-heads ...

Novgorod

A city on the River Valkhow about 160 km south of Leningrad in the Soviet Union. Excavations in the medieval town were carried out before and after World War II and proved some of the most remarkable in Europe. Waterlogged conditions have preserved intact a complete sequence of wooden buildings a...

Norton

Sometimes designated PaleoEskimo, the Norton tradition embraces the cultural continuum Choris-Norton-Ipiutak and spans the period clOOO bc to ad 1000. The Norton aspect of this continuum is typically represented by the presence of poorly fired, check-stamped pottery and tools of crude appearance,...

Northwest Coast Tradition

Collection of prehistoric groups whose common economic base was the exploitation of abundant marine and riverine resources. Centred on the Pacific Coast, USA-Canadian border, the cultural area of the tradition stretches from southeastern Alaska to Northern California. Much information comes from ...

Northumbria

The Saxon kingdom of Northumbria was founded in the 7th century by the earlier kingdoms of Bemicia and Deira. After the conversion of King Edwin in 626 and the establishment of many major monasteries within the region, Northumbria became a centre of missionary activity and a leading centre for th...

Northern Black Polished Ware

An Indian pottery type found on Iron Age sites of the 1st millennium bc. It is a hard, wheel-made, metallic-looking ware with a shiny black surface; the chief forms are bowls and dishes. It suceeds Painted Grey ware in the Ganges sequence and is the main pottery type associated with the Ganges ci...

EnglishAncient Pottery

Northern Black Polished Ware

archaeologsAncient Pottery

Normans

The population of the Duchy of Normandy in northwest France was a mixed race descending from the Franks and 10th-century Norse settlers. Under leaders such as William the Conqueror, Robert Guiscard, Roger of Sicily and Bohemund of Taranto, the Normans effected the conquest of England, Sicily and ...

Noricum

Roman name for an Alpine region, later a province, situated south of the Danube, roughly in the area of modem Austria. Earlier Illyrian in culture, the region came under Celtic influence from the 3rd century bc, and the name Noricum is thought by some to derive from the Celtic Norici centred arou...

Nora

A Phoenician colony on the promontory of Cape Pula, Sardinia, probably of the 8th century bc. From the end of the 6th century bc Sardinia came under Carthaginian control, and from 238 bc under Roman, becoming a province in 227 BC. Nora seems to have enjoyed particular prosperity under Roman rule,...

Non Nok Tha

A site of major importance in north-central Thailand, with burials spanning the period c35OO be to recent centuries. Like Ban Chiang, the site has produced,evidence for possible 4th-3rd millennium bc domestication of cattle, pig and dog, the cultivation of rice, and the use of copper and bronze. ...

Nombe

A rock shelter in Simbu Province, Papua New Guinea. Excavation has revealed a rich cultural sequence from the late Pleistocene to the present, and the basal levels contain waisted blades, pebble tools and several extinct animals, including Protem-nodon and Thylacine. See also Kafiavana, Kiowa.

Nok

The name given to the archaeological manifestation of a very early Iron Age settlement on the southern and western slopes of the Jos Plateau in Nigeria. Attention was first drawn to the Iron Age archaeology of this area by the recovery during mining operations of numbers of fine pottery human fig...

EnglishPlace Names

Nok

archaeologsPlace Names

Noirmoutier

An island that lies off the coast of western France just south of the mouth of the Loire. The island was colonized by Philibert monks in the 6th or 7th century, and the monastery became an important producer of salt during Carolingian times. From 842, the Vikings raided the island repeatedly, for...

Noin-Ula

A range of hills in northern Mongolia near Lake Baikal. Kurgans believed to be tombs of Xiongnu nobility were excavated here by a Russian expedition in 1924-5. They are assigned to the 1st century ad on the evidence of a Chinese lacquer dish inscribed with a date equivalent to 2 bc. The tombs, wh...

Noin-Ula

archaeologsOthers

Nogliki I

Settlement of pit houses in the northeast of Sakhalin, an island off the east coast of Siberia, north of Japan. The settlement is regarded as Neolithic (defined by the presence of pottery rather than the practice of farming); the population lived by hunting and fishing and used pottery.

Noailles

The Grotte de Noailles, close to Brive in Correze, southwest France, has given its name to a small multiple burin. The Noailles burin distinguishes a culture of considerable importance called Perigordian Vc or Noaillian, dating to c26,000-23,000 be.

Nkudzi

A later Iron Age cemetery site on the southwestern shore of Lake Malawi (formerly Lake Nyasa), probably dating to the late 18th or early 19th century. The abundant grave goods may be assumed to reflect the material culture available in the area at a time of increasing slave-raiding and coastal tr...

Nkope

An Early Iron Age site near the southern end of Lake Nyasa, which has given its name to the variant of the Early Iron Age complex represented in southern Malawi and eastern Zambia from about the 4th to the 11th century ad.

Njoro River Cave

Dated to cl000 be, this is one of the earliest well-documented Neolithic sites in southern Kenya. It was a cemetery for cremated burials, each interment being accompanied by a stone bowl and pestle, as well as by numerous hard stone beads and pendants. A finely decorated wooden vessel, such as is...

Nitrogen Dating

One of the methods of bone dating. After burial, the collagen component of bone gradually decomposes. This occurs at a slow, relatively uniform rate. Bones of similar age, which have been buried under similar conditions, possess roughly the same amount of collagen surviving undecomposed. Nitrogen...

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