Janislawice

Type site of the Janislawice culture, a late Mesolithic people inhabiting east-central Europe, in central Poland. There is a Mesolithic burial, dated to the Atlantic climatic period of c 6000-4000 BC, with grave goods.

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Janislawice

Petralona

Middle Palaeolithic cave site near Thessalonika, Greece, with a series of occupations probably from the early Last Glacial to the early Middle Pleistocene. A virtually complete skull is now seen to be close to Homo sapiens, c 400,000 years old. Other artifacts include scrapers, chopping tools and...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Petralona

Timmari

Hilltop settlement site and associated cemetery near Matera, Italy, with the main occupation in the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. The Neolithic occupation had Serra d'Alto ware. The associated cemetery is an urnfield of the so-called Proto-Villanovan group. The urns were placed in several l...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Timmari

Qatna

A fortified city east of Homs in Syria with evidence of 3rd millennium BC occupation. The fortifications of free-standing glacis (bank) belong to the Middle Bronze Age in the early 2nd millennium BC and were probably constructed by the Hyksos.

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names, Ancient Cities

Qatna

Dudesti

The type site of a Middle Neolithic culture of southeastern Romania, of the late 5th millennium BC. Contemporaneous with the Vadastra, Vinca A/B, and Karanovo III, Dudesti sites are typically short-lived occupations, defined by storage pits and post-holes. Most sites are limited to the first terr...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Dudesti

Nunamira Cave

Limestone cave in southwest Tasmania, Australia, with rich Pleistocene deposits. It was occupied c 30,500 bp and abandoned c 12,000 years ago.

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Nunamira Cave

Tószeg

A tell near Szolnok on the River Tisza in eastern Hungary with a defining sequence for the Early Bronze Age of the region. The succession begins with the Neolithic Tisza culture, followed by the Copper Age Tiszapolgár culture, then the Bronze Age cultures of Nagyrév (Tószeg A), Hatvan (Tószeg B),...

archaeologsEnglishCultures, Place Names

Tószeg

Quadrat

A usually rectangular plot used for ecological or population studies; unit of spatial analysis used to divide an area into cells for analysis.

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Quadrat

Cabenge

A site in southwest Sulawesi with late Pliocene fauna. Stone tools are found in association with bones. Toalian tools in the area include large core tools of the chopper/chopping tool tradition.

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Cabenge

Benin City

Capital and largest city of Edo state, Nigeria, which rose to prominence in the 13th century. A series of massive city wall, over 100 km in length, was constructed. The Portuguese first visited in 1485 and it was burned down and ransacked for nearly 2,500 of its famous bronzes in 1897 when the Br...

archaeologsEnglishAncient Cities, Place Names

Benin City

Huashan

A site in southwest China with the world's largest rock art panel. It is a limestone cliff along the Zuojiang River with over 1800 red paintings of anthropomorphs and zoomorphs. The art was done between 2370-2115 years ago in between the Early Warring States period and the Eastern Han Dynasty.

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Huashan

Kurgus

Site in Nubia where Thutmose I (c 1493-1482 BC) and Thutmose III (1479-1426 BC) both carved inscriptions on boulders marking the southern frontier of Egypt. After Thutmose I destroyed the Karmah state, he inscribed a rock as a boundary marker, later confirmed by Thutmose III, near Kanisa-Kurgus, ...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names, Ancient Cities

Kurgus

Batalimo

A site in the Central African Republic with a large Neolithic tool assemblage of flakes, sidescrapers, flaked axes, and elaborately decorated pottery.

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Batalimo

Atranjikhera

A site in Uttar Pradesh, northern India, with a series of occupation levels. The earliest level contained ochre-colored pottery. It was followed by a level with black and red ware, followed by a series of layers with painted gray ware, which also produced iron tools and weapons. The radiocarbon d...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Atranjikhera

Hoxne

A site in Suffolk, England, where John Frere discovered Stone Age implements (hand axes) among some fossilized bones of extinct animals in 1797. At that time, it was believed that the Earth had been created in 4004 BC. In reporting his findings, Frere suggested that the remains came from a time c...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Hoxne

Salcuta

A Late Neolithic culture and site of southwestern Romania c 3500-2500 BC. It derives from the Vinca culture, with further influence from the Aegean. By its end, copper was coming into use. There are four main occupation phases in the tell stratigraphy. The pottery is typically a dark burnished wa...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Salcuta

Cirencester

A site in Gloucestershire, southwest England, where the Romano-British Corinium, the capital of the Dobuni tribe, was located. At the junction of important Roman and British routes, a cavalry fort was erected during 43-70 AD and by the 3rd century the town walls enclosed c100 hectares. Remains wi...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Cirencester

Corbridge

A Roman fort site in northeast England, on the River Tyne, dating to 79-80 AD. It burned and was rebuilt in c105, but was neglected when Hadrian's Wall with its own forts was built not far to the north. When the Roman frontier was pushed further north in 139, the fort was reconstructed in stone a...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Corbridge

Ur

A site in southern Mesopotamia occupied from 'Ubaid times (6th-5th millennia BC), which grew in importance during the Early Dynastic period (3rd millennium BC) to become an important Sumerian city. Ubaid and Uruk levels are separated by a flood level. In the last century of the 3rd millennium, it...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Ur

Salamis, Greece

An island and town of Attikí, Greece, the site of the straits in which the Greeks won a decisive naval victory over the Persians in 480 BC. The invading forces of Xerxes and the Persians were beaten off. The city was occupied form the Bronze Age and chamber tombs of the Early Iron Age had remains...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names, Ancient Cities

Salamis, Greece

Kokorevo

Six Upper Palaeolithic sites on the Yenisei River in southern Siberia. Radiocarbon dates put Kokorevo I-IV between 15,900-12940 bp. There are wedge-shaped microcores, microblades, sidescrapers, and retouched blades. Level I is Kokorevo culture, II and III are Afontova culture. The Kokorevo cultur...

archaeologsEnglishCultures, Place Names

Kokorevo

Arica

A site in the Tarapacá region on the north coast of Chile at the foot of El Morro. Preceramic shell mounds were excavated at Quiani, Pichalo, and Taltal which were dated between 1200-1450 AD. The city of Arica was founded as San Marcos de Arica in 1570 on the site of a pre-Columbian settlement, i...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Arica

Glozel

A site in Allier, France, with an assemblage of pottery, clay tablets, bricks, terra-cottas, and glass that has been claimed as evidence of civilization in France prior to Greek and Roman contact. These items have been dismissed as forgeries but some items tested by thermoluminescence indicate a ...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Glozel

Syracuse

A Corinthian colony and principal port founded traditionally c 734 BC on the east coast of Sicily. The earliest occupation was on the island of Ortygia; later settlement was on the mainland in the Achradina area. Early Palaeolithic material occurs in the Great Harbor. Syracuse was the leader of G...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names, Ancient Cities

Syracuse

South Cadbury

A site in Somerset, southwest England, that is one of the more important secular Dark Age sites in Britain. It is an Iron Age hillfort with a history of abandonment and refortification throughout the prehistoric, Roman and medieval periods. The 16th-century antiquarian John Leyland first recogniz...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

South Cadbury