Others - Archaeologs

Others

Discover other things about archaeology.

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Recently Added: Others

Silchester

[Roman Calleva Atrebatumj. A Romano-British town of some 43 hectares in Hampshire, southern England, remarkable for the detailed information of its complete street plan. Originally a Celtic tribal centre, capital of the Atrebates, the town prospered from the later 1st century ad onwards, and was ...

Silbury Hill

The largest man-made mound in Europe, situated near Avebury, Wiltshire, southern England. It was built in four distinct phases, but apparently continuously as part of a single constructional process, dated c2600-2300 bc. The final monument was a mound 40 metres high with a base covering cl hectar...

Sigatoka

A beach-dune site on southwestern Viti Levu, Fijian Islands, which has produced an important but discontinuous pottery sequence from late Lapita (500 be), through a paddle-impressed style (ad 200), into a later, undated level with pottery apparently ancestral to that of the ethnographic present.

Sieving

The practice of sieving soils and sediments from archaeological sites is now quite common. Sieving each bucket of spoil from the site improves recovery of artefacts, larger bones etc, which may have been missed by trowellers. A relatively coarse sieve is used for this purpose. For lighter soils, ...

Sidon

[modern Sarda]. Situated on the coast of Lebanon south of Beirut, Sidon was an important trading centre for Mediterranean trade from the Early or Middle Bronze Age and, with Tyre, one of the two most important Phoenician centres. It was partially destroyed by the Assyrians in 676 bc, but grew to ...

Shwezigon Temple

Great Buddhist monument at Pagan, northern Burma, housing a copy of the tooth relic of Ceylon. Its construction began in about 1059 under king Anôratha, the founder of the Pagan dynasty, but was not completed until the reign of king Kyanzittha, half a century later. It contains the latter king’s ...

Shwezigon Temple

archaeologsOthers

Shu [Shu]

Ba and Shu; Shou Xian.

Shu [Shu]

archaeologsOthers

Shou Xian

[Shou-hsien]. A district on the south bank of the Huai River in Anhui province, China. In the latter part of the Eastern Zhou period this area was held in succession by the states of Wu, Yue (which annexed Wu in 473 bc) and Chu (which expelled Yue c333 bc). Bronzes and mirrors of the 6th-3rd cent...

Shou Xian

archaeologsOthers

Shizhaishan

[Shih-chai-shan]. See Dian Kingdom.

Shizhaishan

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Shirataki

A group of Palaeolithic sites in Hokkaido, Japan. A large number of obsidian, artefacts were recovered during excavations in the 1950s and 1960s. They are divided into two groups, based on radiocarbon and obsidian hydration dates, as well as on the stratigraphy of the Yubetsu river terraces where...

Shinto

The native religion of Japan. Its doctrine was only committed to writing by those with nationalistic aims in the recent past, and could only be reconstructed from fragmentary survivals in folk beliefs and court ceremonies, together with the descriptions of myths and rituals in Kojiki and Nihon Sh...

Shilou

[Shih-lou]. A city in Shanxi province, China, on the southward bend of the Yellow River. Shang bronze weapons and ritual vessels have been found repeatedly in and near Shilou. These objects date from the An yang period but many are by Anyang standards eccentric in style. Central Shanxi seems to h...

Shilou

archaeologsOthers

Shilingxia

[Shih-ling-hsia]. See Majiayao.

Shilingxia

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Shell Mounds (Tropical Australia)

Found close to the shorelines along the northern Australian coast, especially at Weipa (Cape York) and Milingimbi (Arnhem Land); the steep-sided mounds are up to 10 metres high and consist of accumulations of cockle shells, charcoal, and bone and stone tools. Radiocarbon dates are 500 be-1200 ad ...

Shell Mounds (Tropical Australia)

archaeologsOthers

Shaogou

[Shao-kou]. SeeLUOYANG.

Shaogou

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Shangcunling

[Shang-ts’un-ling]. Site of a large early Eastern Zhou cemetery excavated in 1956 and 1957 nearthecityofSanmenxiain Shan Xian, western Henan province, China. Inscribed bronzes show that members of the royal family of Guo were buried here. Guo was a small state founded perhaps before the end of th...

Shang

[Shang]. The Shang or Yin dynasty, the first great Bronze Age power in China, ruled the North China plain during the latter half of the 2nd millennium bc. Of the dynasties named in Chinese historical works it is the earliest whose existence has been confirmed by archaeology (see oracle bones). Th...

Shanbiaozhen

[Shan-piao-chen]. See Liu-

Shanbiaozhen

archaeologsOthers

Sham Wan

Pivotal site in the prehistory of Hong Kong, situated in a beach ridge on Lamma Island. The levels span the periods from Neolithic (c3500 bc) through Bronze Age (d.500-200 bc) into Tang times. Much of the prehistoric material relates to that from the neighbouring mainland province of Guangdong.

Shamarkian

A Nubian microlithic industry of the period 10,000-6000 bc, the typology of which shows certain Saharan affinities. By the 6th millennium some of the makers of this industry had adopted a specialized fishing economy using harpoons with barbed bone heads, as preserved at ‘Catfish Cave’ near the Se...

Shahr-I Sokhta

Tell site in the province of Sistan in eastern Iran, close to the Afghan and Pakistan borders, which was the site of a vast urban centre of the 3rd millennium bc, covering cl 00 hectares and housing perhaps 20,000 people. The site, which has been under excavation since 1967, has proved remarkably...

Shahr-I Qumis

Parthian city in Khurasan, northeast Iran. The remains are spread over a large area, cl by 4 km, and surface survey indicates occupation of some kind from the Iron Age to the Seljuq period; it was finally brought to an end by the Mongol invasion in the 13th century. The size of the Parthian city ...

Shahi Tump

Small prehistoric site in western Baluchistan, probably of the 3rd millennium bc, excavated by Aurel Stein. Three phases of use were recognized: two phases of occupation, followed by a phase of use as a cemetery. The dead were inhumed in the flexed position and provided with pottery vessels, neck...

Shahdad

An oasis on the edge of the great Lut desert northeast of Kerman in eastern Iran, which has an important prehistoric site of the later 4th and 3rd millennia bc. A series of floods in prehistoric times destroyed most buildings, but left brick-lined tombs and many artefacts suggesting that Shahdad ...

Shaft Grave

A type of grave characterized by a deep narrow shaft, with the burials either in the bottom of the shaft itself or sometimes in a small chamber opening from the bottom of the shaft. Shaft graves occur in many parts of the world at different times. Among the most famous are those in Circles A and ...

Shadow Marks

An archaeological site may be revealed on an aerial photograph by the shadows cast by earthworks, ditches or changes in slope. Shadow sites are best seen in the low sun of evenings and early mornings.

Shadow Marks

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Seton Rock Shelter

See Kartan culture.

Seton Rock Shelter

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Serpent Mound

A ritual mound located in Adams County, Ohio, USA, and constructed in the sinuous form of a stylized serpent, holding an egg, or possibly a frog, in its jaws. At 386 metres long, 1.2-1.5 metres high, and with an average body-width of 6 metres, it is probably the largest serpent effigy in the worl...

Serpentine

A mineral occurring in a number of forms. Rocks largely composed of this mineral should properly be called serpentinites, but are often also called serpentines. These rocks are used as a material for decorative work. They vary widely in colour, but the most commonly used varieties are green. Sour...

Sériation

The organization of a group of objects into a series, or sequence, on the grounds of their physical attributes. This can be done visually or mathematically. Such series have been used in two ways: (1) To suggest evolutionary trends in, for example, the form of a particular group of arefacts; (2) ...

Sériation

archaeologsOthers

Sequence Dating

Type of sériation combined with cross dating, used in the absence of any other dating method, originally applied by Sir Flinders Petrie to provide a relative chronology for pottery from Predynastic Egyptian cemeteries. A series of artefact forms can be built up from their stratigraphical relation...

Septal Slab

A stone set on its side dividing a megalithic tomb into separate burial areas (see segmented cist). They vary in height from low kerbs to the full height of the chamber; in the latter case they are sometimes provided with port-holes.

Senjerli

See Zinjirli.

Senjerli

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Senegambian Megaliths

See megalithic

Senegambian Megaliths

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Sempukuji

A very early Jomon site in Nagasaki prefecture on Kyushu, Japan. Recent work at this stratified rock shelter confirmed the association of microblades with linear-relief pottery found earlier at Fukui, but also revealed an older pottery with discontinuous relief (bean-pattern). Radiocarbon, fissio...

Senina

A great fort erected beside the Second Cataract of the Nile in Sudanese Nubia, apparently to defend the southern limit of Egyptian pentration under the Middle Kingdom. At least in later times this and neighbouring forts seem to have served primarily as trading stations, ensuring that trade with m...

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