Any of five species of large hoofed mammals found in eastern and southern Africa and in tropical Asia. The term rhinoceros is sometimes also applied to other, extinct members of the family Rhinocerotidae. Five species of rhinoceros have survived until recently: the Great Indian rhino (Rhinoceros unicornis), the Javan rhino (R. sondaicus), the Sumatran rhino (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis), the white, or grass rhino (Ceratotherium simum) and the black, or browse rhino (Diceros bicornis). Like the elephant, these species have presumably been restricted both by intensified desertification and the interference of man. The closely related woolly rhinoceros evolved late in the Quaternary period and was adapted to cold, open conditions. It became common across Europe and northern Asia during times of colder climate, but became extinct before 10,000 BC.