Variant

A term used in projectile typology to describe a variation of a type.

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Variant

Function

The purpose or use of a component within a culture. The second goal of archaeological research is analysis of data and their relationships to determine function and thus reconstruct and create synchronic descriptions of ancient behavior. It is a model of culture that is keyed to the functions of ...

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Function

Quentovic

A port and trading center on the English Channel in the Early Medieval period, which had a toll and a mint. Its coins were first minted in the early 7th century and during the 8th-9th centuries its mint was one of the most important in the Carolingian Empire. Despite its prominence, the location ...

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Quentovic

Habuba Al-Kabira

A fortified site on the Euphrates River in Syria, representing an outpost of Uruk culture in the 4th millennium BC, probably as a trading center. There was a large walled town with pottery, seals, numerical tablets that are southern Mesopotamian in character.

archaeologsEnglishOthers

Habuba Al-Kabira

Sambor Prei Kuk

Early historic center southeast of Angkor, Cambodia, likely the capital of the pre-Angkor Khmer state of Isanapura (7th-8th centuries AD).

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Sambor Prei Kuk

Pemmican

Preserved buffalo meat that was dried in strips by Native Americans. It could be cut up and mixed with melted fat to be eaten. Across the subarctic, people preserved meat by drying and pounding it together with fat and berries to make pemmican.

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Pemmican

Armorican Coin

Collective name for coinage issued by a range of tribes living in Brittany during the early 1st century BC, including the Coriosolites, Baiocasses, Redones, Unelli, and Osismii.

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Armorican Coin

Abydos Ware

Pottery of Canaanite (Syro-Palestinian) origin found in the royal tombs of the First and Second Dynasties (The Old Kingdom) at Abydos, Saqqara, Abusir el-Melek, and other sites in Upper Egypt, dating to Early Bronze Age II (3300-2700 BCE). The pottery, often red-rose slipped and burnished or pain...

archaeologsEnglishAncient Pottery

Abydos Ware

Kouros

A Greek statue of a youth or a standing nude male youth, of the Archaic Period. The large stone figures began to appear in Greece about 615-590 BC It was a funerary marker or dedication in a sanctuary. They are usually larger than lifesize; made of marble, bronze, or alabaster, and could be paint...

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Kouros

Ai Bunar

A site with three copper mines, located near Stara Zagora in central Bulgaria. The open-cast mining of malachite ore beds dates to the 4th millennium BC (Karanovo VI period) and was later used in the Late Bronze Age. Quantities of this ore have been discovered in settlements in Moldavia and the U...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Ai Bunar

Alaca Hüyük

[Alacahuyuk, Alacahüyük, Alacahöyük] A tell site in north central Turkey, near Boghaz Köy and 150 km east of Ankara, that was occupied in the 4th, 3rd, and 2nd millennia BC. Its Chalcolithic and Copper Age phases include a cemetery of 13 extremely rich tombs from c 2500 BC (Early Bronze Age II). ...

archaeologsEnglishAncient Cities, Place Names

Alaca Hüyük

Funerary Cult

Any of a number of ongoing rituals, with their associated offerings, performed for the benefit of the deceased at the tomb or in a funerary temple. Cults were mainly made up of relatives or specially appointed priests. Funerary or mortuary temples were the shrines for the funerary cults of dead k...

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Funerary Cult

Romanelli

A large coastal cave in Apulia, Italy, occupied in the Palaeolithic period. Over a beach of last Interglacial date came some Mousterian deposits and a series of Upper Palaeolithic (c 12,000 BP) deposits of 'Romanellian' type. There are engraved art objects in these layers and on the walls, and sk...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names