A report released by the Palestinian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities indicates that 226 archaeological sites in Gaza have been damaged during the ongoing conflict, with repair costs estimated at 261 million euros.

Damage Assessment and Impact on Cultural Heritage

The report outlines that out of 316 cultural heritage sites assessed, 138 suffered significant damage, 61 experienced moderate damage, and 27 sustained minor damage, while 90 sites remained undamaged. The assessment was conducted in cooperation with the Centre for Cultural Heritage Preservation and documented in the report titled “Inventory of the Damages and Risks to Cultural Heritage Sites in Gaza.” This report covers archaeological sites, heritage buildings, museums, religious buildings, historical cemeteries, natural sites, and landmarks across Gaza.

Collaboration with Oxford University Experts

The report was co-prepared by 13 Palestinian experts alongside a team from Oxford University over the span of a year. The findings are based on field surveys, satellite imagery analysis, data collection, and the creation of models to assess the extent of the damage at each site.

Repair and Recovery Costs

The report estimates that restoring Gaza’s cultural heritage sector will require approximately 261.15 million euros, to be implemented in three phases over eight years:

• Phase 1: Urgent intervention for endangered sites, estimated at 31.2 million euros.
• Phase 2: Restoration and rehabilitation of partially damaged sites, requiring 96.72 million euros.
• Phase 3: Reconstruction of heavily damaged sites, projected at 133.23 million euros.

Statements on the Importance of Cultural Heritage

Hani Al-Hayek, the Palestinian Minister of Tourism and Antiquities, emphasized the significance of these archaeological sites as integral to Palestinian history and identity. He expressed concern over the damage to cultural heritage, highlighting its importance for future generations.

Context of the Conflict in Gaza

The conflict escalated following the Hamas attack on southern Israeli towns on October 7, 2023, which resulted in the deaths of approximately 1,200 people. In response, Israel launched military operations in Gaza. According to reports, the conflict has resulted in significant casualties and infrastructure damage, with over 47,000 Palestinian deaths reported. The United Nations states that more than 90 percent of Gaza’s housing units have been affected, with 160,000 buildings destroyed and an additional 276,000 severely or partially damaged.