Laming-Emperaire, Annette

French prehistorian specializing in prehistoric rock art who found and studied sites in Chilean Pantagonia - Englefield, Ponsonby, Munición - and in Brazil, José Vieira and several sambaquis (shell middens). She also excavated at Marassi (Tierra del Fuego), Lapa Vermehla, and Lagoa Santa.

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Laming-Emperaire, Annette

Beater

In music, a wooden or metal object used to provide a rhythm by striking another object; otherwise, A general tool used to beat objects with.

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Beater

Téviec

A small island in Morbihan, southern Brittany, France, where the burial of 23 Mesolithic skeletons were found in a Tardenoisian settlement. Grave goods include stag antlers and shell jewelry. There was a shell midden and the site is dated to c 6575 bp.

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Téviec

Kapwirimbwe

An Early Iron Age village site near modern Lusaka, Zambia, dated to about the 5th century AD, that gives its name to a tradition of the Chifumbaze complex. The elaborately decorated pottery is similar to that from contemporary Copperbelt sites. Iron-working was a major industry. A late phase, 9th...

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Kapwirimbwe

Bohunician

A late Middle Palaeolithic culture of Moravia, Czechoslovakia, with artifacts including sidescrapers, endscrapers, bifacial foliates, denticulates, burins, and laurel-leaf points.

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Bohunician

Vyadhapura

Sanskrit for 'City of Hunters', capital city of the ancient Hindu kingdom of Funan, which flourished from the 1st-6th century AD in an area that comprises modern Cambodia and Vietnam. It is 120 miles (190 km) from the mouth of the Mekong River, near a landform called Ba Hill in southern Cambodia.

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Vyadhapura

Clay Tablet

The main writing material used by the scribes of early civilizations. Signs were impressed or inscribed on the soft clay, which was then dried in the sun. The ancient Sumerians, Babylonians, Assyrians, and Hittites wrote on tablets made from water-cleaned clay. A common form was a thin quadrilate...

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Clay Tablet

Brno

The traditional capital of Moravia in the southeastern Czech Republic, which was inhabited in prehistoric times according to archaeological evidence. Important sites surround and are in the town, including a burial covered in red ochre, mammoth tusks, and ornaments, which has proven to be one of ...

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Brno

Veii

Etruscan city just north of Rome, of south Etruria, destroyed by Rome in 396 BC. After some intermittent Bronze Age occupation, it was settled in the Villanovan period (9th century BC), occupying a large plateau. The 7th century BC saw early Etruscan chamber tombs, including some painted examples...

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Veii

Montagu Cave

An Early Stone Age rock shelter located in the Cape Province of South Africa, about 150 km east of Cape Town. This site is one of the very few African caves to have preserved traces of Acheulian material. Later horizons include one containing an industry which has been variously attributed to the...

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Montagu Cave

Isotopic Analysis

Any dating technique relying on the phenomenon of isotopal decay - analyzing the ratios of the principal isotopes. The analysis of isotopes - any of two or more species of atoms of a chemical element with the same atomic number and nearly identical chemical behavior but with differing atomic mass...

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Isotopic Analysis

Kerbschnitt

The technique of carving or decorating wood by use of an ax or hatchet.

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Kerbschnitt

Reduction

A South American Indian settlement directed by Jesuit missionaries, existing as a Spanish colonial policy that brought dispersed Indian populations into mission settlements. The term also means the removal of mass from a stone.

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Reduction

Recovery Theory

Any of the various principles that archaeologists employ in the process of recovery, such as where and how to search for sites and how to excavate those sites.

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Recovery Theory

Bearings

A direction or relative position; a horizontal direction expressed in degrees east or west of a true or magnetic north or south direction.

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Bearings

Aswad, Tell

An Aceramic Neolithic site in Syria's Damascus basin, occupied c 7800-6600 BC. There is evidence of early farming (plant cultivation including barley, cereals, emmer wheat, lentils, peas, pulses).

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Aswad, Tell

Society Islands

A major archipelago in eastern Polynesia in the central South Pacific, divided into the Windward (Tahiti and Moorea) and Leeward (Raiatea, Huahine, Borabora, Tahaa, Maupiti). The islands were settled around 500 AD by Polynesians who developed a number of chiefdoms. The islands were first recorded...

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Society Islands

Badge Of Office

Clothing, crowns, tattoos, head deformation, social attitudes, or even language that become established to set certain individuals apart from others in society.

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Badge Of Office

Flowerpot

A small container, typically with sloping sides and made from plastic or earthenware, used for growing a plant

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Flowerpot

Trace Element Analysis

The use of quantitative chemical techniques, such as neutron activation analysis or X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, for determining the elements present in a mineral in minor proportions. These methods are widely used in the identification of raw material sources for metal, clay, obsidian, etc. ...

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Trace Element Analysis

Rachmani

Neolithic and Bronze Age settlement mound in Thessaly, Greece. The Final Neolithic is characterized by red, pink, and white pottery.

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Rachmani

Rhyolite

An igneous rock that is the volcanic equivalent of granite; a constituent element in Hoabinhian pebble tools.

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Rhyolite

Ardagh Chalice

A large, two-handled silver cup decorated with gold, gilt bronze, and enamel, that is one of the finest examples of early Christian art from the British Isles. Discovered in 1868 along with a small bronze cup and four brooches in a potato field in Ardagh, Ireland, the chalice may have been part o...

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Ardagh Chalice

Anvil Technique

A method of making chipped stone tools that involves striking a stone repeatedly against a static boulder used as an anvil

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Anvil Technique

Ceramic Sociology

A field of study involving the reconstruction of past social systems from distributions of stylistic attributes of pottery in time and space.

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Ceramic Sociology