Hajdúsámson

A level of Hungarian and Rumanian metalwork hoards (Apa-Hajdusamson horizon) dated to the later Early Bronze Age, c 1700-1500 BC. The bronze solid-hilted swords, disk-butted and shaft-tube axes and daggers are often richly decorated, but the gold-working is even finer. The horizon includes many s...

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Hajdúsámson

Barbotine

A primitive technique of decorating pottery by adding thick slip to the surface of a pot before firing. The term also refers to the creamy mixture of kaolin clay itself, for pottery ornamented with barbotine, and the technique of applying incrustation of this mixture to a ceramic surface for deco...

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Barbotine

Kabal

A simple turntable used in pottery manufacture in the New World.

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Kabal

Würm

The fourth and final Pleistocene glaciation in the European Alps, c 110,000/70,000-10,000 years ago, ending with the onset of the postglacial Holocene. The Würm glacial stage followed the Riss-Würm interglacial and is correlated with the Weichsel glacial stage of northern Europe and the Wisconsin...

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Würm

Percussor

A hammerstone, bone, etc. used to strike a stone in a percussion technique.

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Percussor

Taula

Bronze Age ritual monument found in the Balearic Islands of Minorca and Majorca from the Talayot culture. A taula may be 4 meters in height, and consists of a horizontal block supported either by a monolithic pillar or a column made of several stones. Often surrounded by a U-shaped enclosure wall...

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Taula

Valac

Small hilltop settlement of the Late Vinca phase, c 3950 BC, near Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovo, Serbia. The single occupation level has poor ceramics, but each house has a rich ritual assemblage with fired clay zoomorphic figurines known as 'centaurs'.

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Valac

Sheshonq

Libyan name held by five kings of the 22nd and 23rd Dynasties (945-715 BC, 818-715 BC, respectively) as their birth name or nomen. Sheshonq I (fl. 10th century BC), was the first king (reigned 945-924 BC) of the 22nd dynasty of Egypt.

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Sheshonq

Infusible Clay

Clay that is not fusible, not capable of being dissolved or melted.

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Infusible Clay

Port Of Trade

Any town or city whose specific function is to act as a meeting place for foreign traders. It serves as a center for transshipment and storage of goods; the site is characterized by facilities for storage. Ports of trade, such as Tyre and Sidon, may have been important models of early long-distan...

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Port Of Trade

Target Population

The entire group of items (sites, features, artifacts, etc.) that an archaeologist is interesting in analyzing.

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Target Population

Vinca

Large tell just outside Belgrade, Serbia, spanning c 5000-3500 BC. Its lowest level consisted of Starcevo material; the next of Middle and Late Neolithic are Vinca-Tordos and Vinca-Plocnik. The pottery is typically dark burnished with fluting, channeling, and simple incised decoration. It was a s...

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Vinca

Library

Collection of books used for reading or study, or the building or room in which such a collection is kept. The origin of libraries came in the 3rd millennium BC, when records on clay tablets were stored in a temple in the Babylonian town of Nippur. In the 7th century BC, the Assyrian king Ashurba...

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Library

Inundation

A term used to describe the annual flooding of the Nile River in Egypt, which has not taken place since the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971.

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Inundation

Plating

The coating a metal or other material such as plastic or china with a hard, nonporous metallic surface to improve durability and beauty. Gold, silver, stainless steel, palladium, copper, and nickel are formed by dipping an object into a solution containing the desired surface material, which is d...

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Plating

Stalled Cairn

A type of cairn found in the Orkney Islands which cover elongated burial chambers in which stone slabs project from the walls. The corpses were laid on the slabs.

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Stalled Cairn

Dasas

The inhabitants of northwestern India at the time of the Indo-European migrations, described in the "Rig-Veda" as having dark faces and snub noses unintelligible speech and worshipping strange gods but living in fortified cities (pur) and being very rich especially in cattle. The Dasas are often ...

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Dasas

Fit

The dimensional adjustment of a glaze (or slip) to a clay body, specifically with reference to their respective thermal expansions and contractions and resultant stresses, which may cause flaws in the coating

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Fit

Kafiavana

A rock shelter in the New Guinea Highlands, with a sequence that starts with edge-ground axes (adzes) and flake tools of early Australian type (c 11,000 BC), and then documents trade in coastal shells (from c 8000 BC) and the appearance of pigs (by 3500-4000 BC). The deposits contain bone tools a...

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Kafiavana

Channel Flake

The long, thin blade if stone removed longitudinally from the base of a fluted Paleo-Indian projectile point by percussion or pressure from the center line of either face. The smooth depression it leaves behind is known as a flute or channel.

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Channel Flake

Roy Mata

A great chief of central Vanuatu, especially on the island of Efate and Retoka, who arrived around 1200 AD and set up a highly stratified society. His death was marked by an elaborate ritual that included the burying alive of one man and one woman from each of the clans under his influence. His g...

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Roy Mata

Dirk

Extra-long dagger, typically with a blade more than 200mm long, but not so long as a rapier.

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Dirk

Ranis Cave

Site near River Saale in eastern Germany starting with Middle Palaeolithic material, then Upper Palaeolithic dating to the middle of the Last Glacial Maximum. Late Upper Palaeolithic, Bronze Age, and historic remains also have been found at the site.

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Ranis Cave

Tipi Ring

Any circle of stones found in the Northern (Great) Plains of North America, thought to be the remains of weights used to hold up a tipi (tepee).

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Tipi Ring

Composite Bow

An archer's bow made of more than one material - as wood and fiberglass - to combine properties of strength, durability, and power. In early times, a bow of wood was reinforced on one side by layers of animal sinew and on the other side by animal horn.

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Composite Bow