Others - Archaeologs

Others

Discover other things about archaeology.

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Recently Added: Others

Vertesszollos

archaeologsOthers

Verona

Situated on the River Adige in Veneto, northern Italy, Verona was a principal city of imperial Roman Venetia, and has well-preserved monuments from that period. Little is known of the pre-Roman settlement, but an origin as a Celtic foundation of the 5th-4th centuries bc is likely. The town is wel...

Venus Figurine

One of the most remarkable features of the late Palaeolithic are the female figurines which have been called venuses. They are made in all kinds of material, including ivory, bone, limestone and steatite and are even modelled in clay. Most typically, the figures are large-stomached and largebreas...

Ventris

(1922-1956). Scholar responsible for the decipherment of the Linear B script of the Mycenaeans, showing it to be, to everyone’s surprise, an early form of Greek.

Ventris

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Vedas

Rigveda. Veii [modem Veio]. 16 km northwest of Rome, Veii was the most southerly of the principal cities of Etruria, and destroyed by its rival and near neighbour, Rome, in 396 BC. The ager veientanus (‘territory of Veii’) probably extended at one time westward to the seaboard, and northward to L...

Vedas

archaeologsOthers

Vat Ph’U

Pre-ANGKORiAN site on a mountain in southern Laos, traditionally considered to be the cradle of the Cambodians. Originally called Lingaparvata, it consists of monuments of the 7th century.

Vat Ph’U

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Varna

The largest collection of pre-Mycenaean gold in Europe was found at the Late Copper Age cemetery of Varna, on the Black Sea coast of Bulgaria. Excavated by I. Ivanov and dating to the mid-4th millennium be, the cemetery contains over 100 extended inhumations as well as two special grave types the...

Variable

A dimension, quality or measurement that varies.

Vapheio

Mycenaean tholos burial near Sparta, southern Greece, which produced many rich grave goods. Among these were two fine gold cups, decorated in relief with scenes of bulls. These cups have given the name ‘Vapheio cup’ to this particular shape of drinking vessel, characterized by a flat base, straig...

Vanuatu

[New Hebrides]. An archipelago in central Melanesia, with an Austronesianspeaking population and an archaeological record going back to Lapita settlement about 1300 bc. Settlement before this date remains hypothetical. Important archaeological phenomena include the Mangaasi pottery tradition and ...

Van-Lang

Legendary kingdom in present northern Vietnam, ruled by the Hong-bang dynasty, which is said to have begun in the 3rd millennium BC and was succeeded by the historic kingdom of Au-Lac in 258 BC. There is considerable debate over the archaeological basis of these legends.

Vandals

A Germanic people who in the early 5th century set out from central Europe and ultimately crossed from Spain to invade North Africa, where they quickly succeeded in annexing most of the major towns. They imposed their Arian religion on the native population, and it appears that they upheld many R...

Vallum

[Latin ‘rampart’]. Properly, a heaped rampart of earth as, for instance, around Roman military camps, towns and regional fortifications. These were often topped with stakes. The early English historian Bede (673-735) also used the term, as is sometimes done today, to describe the whole ‘assemblag...

Vallonnet

A tiny cave close to Monaco in the south of France that has yielded some 11 stone artefacts associated with a fauna datable to c0.9 million years ago. As such it is possibly the oldest well-dated occurrence of man in Europe.

Vallhager

A Migration Period nucleated settlement of the 5 th and 6th centuries situated on the Baltic island of Gotland just off the coast of Sweden. Its economy was mainly geared towards stock breeding and the extensive post-war survey of the area revealed many cattle droveways and individual farm dwelli...

Vallhager

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Valencoid

The most recent of the ceramic series developed by Irving Rouse and Jose Cruxent for comparison of northeastern South American cultures. The series appears to have evolved from the La Cabrera phase of the Barrancoid series at a number of sites in the Valencia Basin in Venezuela. Some of these sit...

Valencoid

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Valea Lupului

A large open settlement site of the Late Neolithic Cucuteni culture, near Ia§i, Moldavia, Rumania, with a radiocarbon date of c2750 be. The single phase occupation produced domestic assemblages of the Cucuteni B3 phase.

Valdivia

A series of Early Formative Period sites on the central coast of Ecuador with a long ceramic sequence (c3200-1400 be) which includes some of the ealiest pottery in south America (see also Puerto Hormiga). Radiocarbon dates, stratification of midden deposits, and considerable stylistic variation i...

Valders Advance

The final advance of the Wisconsin stage of Pleistocene glaciation in North America. The maximum limit of its advance dates to cl2,000 bp and its disappearance to cl0,000-9000 bp.

Vai Camonica

An Alpine valley in northwest Italy, remarkable for the abundance of rock carvings found on rock faces throughout the valley. The carvings, thought to date from the Copper Age to post-Roman times, are often superimposed, producing complicated palimpsests, often difficult to disentangle. Scenes in...

Vai Camonica

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Valac

Small hilltop settlement of the Late VinCa phase, with a radiocarbon date of c3950 bc, located near Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovo, south Serbia, Yugoslavia. A single occupation level is known from a 1.2-metre stratigraphy. In contrast to the poor ceramics, each house has a rich ritual assemblage mai...

Vaisali

One of the cities of the Ganges civilization of northern India, famous as the birthplace of Mahavira, founder of the Jain religion. The earliest occupation belongs to the Iron Age, when Mahavira lived (6th century bc) and has yielded Northern black polished ware and iron artefacts.

Vailele

A locality east of Apia, Western Samoa, which has yielded assemblages from the terminal ceramic phase of Samoan prehistory (c300 be to ad 200) stratified beneath later aceramic house mounds. The pottery and stone adzes appear to be representative of the culture of the first Polynesians to sail in...

Uvinza

An Iron Age salt-working area of western Tanzania, not far from the eastern shore of Lake Tanganyika. Salt, which was widely traded, was evaporated from the local brine springs. The earliest occupation is marked by Early Iron Age pottery akin to Ure we ware, dated to around the middle of the 1st ...

Uvinza

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Utica

[modern Utique]. In antiquity a Phoenician city on the North African coast, sited at the mouth of the River Bagradas (now Medjerda) in Tunisia. Tradition gives it as the earliest Phoenician foundation, possibly of the 8th century bc. Since antiquity, silting has left the former port isolated some...

U-Thong

(1) Ancient city in southwestern Thailand which was probably for some time the capital of the Mon kingdom of DvArav-atI (7th-llth centuries). (2) A school in the art history of Thailand, denoting Mon origin. King Ramadhipati, the founder of the kingdom of Ayutthaya in 1350, is said to have come f...

Ushki Lake

Palaeolithic site in Kamchatka, northeast Siberia. The lowest horizon (VII) has radiocarbon dates of cl 1,650 and 12,350 be, associated with a small-tool technology including tanged arrowheads. 12 hearths and a burial were excavated in this level the bones were missing, but red ochre survived, as...

Uryudo

One of the many village sites of Yayoi rice farmers who settled in the lowland plains of Osaka, Japan, in the 1st century bc. The cemetery is of interest, because some members of the community were buried in small mounds surrounded by ditches, while most others were interred in simple pits. The d...

Uryudo

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Umes

The 11th-century church at Umes in Norway is one of the oldest and finest stave churches in existence. Some of the staves are decorated with Viking ornament in the form of sinuous animals and zoomorphic ribbons including one scene in which a quadruped is locked in combat. The term ‘Umes style’ is...

Umes

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Urn

Name given to any kind of large pottery vessel used to contain the cremated remains of the dead; the term is sometimes extended to cover similarly shaped vessels used for domestic storage purposes. The term is particularly widely used in the European Bronze Age and the name Urnfield cultures, giv...

Uranium Series Dating

Group of related radiometric dating methods, based on the decay series of the uranium isotopes 238U and 235U. Principles. Each of the isotopes decays through a series of radioactive daughter isotopes until a stable isotope of lead is reached. Three daughter isotopes arc created and decay with hal...

Uranium Series Dating

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Upton Warren Interstadial Complex

An interstadial of the Devensian cold stage which occurred between 43,000 and 23,000 be (45,0000-25,000 bp). It consisted of a very rapid temperature rise to an initial thermal maximum of 41,000 be (43,000 bp) followed by a temperature decline leading to a lower ‘plateau’ of temperature lasting f...

Upton Warren Interstadial Complex

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Underwater Archaeology

This largely self-explanatory term is preferable to the more restricted terms marine or maritime archaeology, since it includes the examination of submerged settlement sites under fresh-water lakes, as well as the examination of harbour works and shipwrecks under the sea. The overall aims and met...

Umm An-Nar

A settlement and cemetery of chamber tombs on a small island off the west coast of Abu Dhabi on the Oman peninsula. This site, excavated by a Danish expedition in the 1950s, has given its name to an early 3 rd-millennium bc culture, which has also been found on sites in inland Oman, including the...

Umguzan

See Tshangula.

Umguzan

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Umbu

Tradition roughly contemporary and co-regional with Humaita in southern Brazil, but differing from it by the presence of projectile points at an early date. The most common point form is the elongated triangle, which is often found in association with pounders, anvil stones, bolas and polished ax...

Umbu

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Uluzzo

Around the bay of Uluzzo, in Apulia, southern Italy, there are several Palaeolithic caves. The most important is Grotta Cavallo, with a series of Mousterian and Upper Palaeolithic levels. The earliest Upper Palaeolithic levels are the type series of the Uluzzian.

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